Pineal Tumours
What are Pineal Tumours?
Pineal tumours are rare tumours that occur in the pineal gland, which is located deep within the brain. The pineal gland is a tiny gland that helps regulate sleep patterns (circadian rhythms), hunger, thirst, sex drive and the biological clock along with the hypothalamus gland.
Some pineal tumours are benign whilst others are intermediate grade or malignant. Listed below are the different types of Pineal region tumours:
- Pineocytoma
- Pineal Tumour of Intermediate Differentiation
- Pineoblastoma
- Pineal cyst
- Germinoma
- Meningioma
What Causes Pineal Tumours?
The exact cause of pineal tumours is unknown. These tumours can block the normal flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) found in the brain causing hydrocephalus (build-up of pressure).
What are the Symptoms of Pineal Tumours?
Common symptoms include change in vision, headache, vomiting, nausea, memory disturbances and seizures. Complications may include a life-threatening increase in intracranial pressure, requiring emergency medical attention.
How are Pineal Tumours Diagnosed?
Pineal tumours are diagnosed by performing a thorough neurological examination, checking your vision, balance, coordination, hearing and reflexes. Your doctor may order tests such as MRI and CT scans. To confirm on the diagnosis, surgery is required.
What is the Treatment for Pineal Tumours?
Treatment involves surgical removal for benign pineal tumours. Malignant tumour treatment depends on the type of tumour and can include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination.
